Carbureter.



No. 657,652. Patented Sept; ll, I900.

C. FORTH. CARB UR'ETEB.

(Apnlication filed Aug. 16, 18992) (No Model.)

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CHARLES FORTH, OF ELIZABETH, NE\V JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO E. I. REICHHELM, OF BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY.

CARBLIRETER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 657,652, dated September 11, 1900. Application filed August 16,1899. Serial No. 727,373. (No model.)

gases from petroleum or similar oils, and more particularly to that class of generators designed for employment in connection with blast or other furnaces for smelting and heating metals.

tion of a generator which will secure the economical and efficient production of gases or vapors and which may be employed in connection with either a forced or natural draft for the attainment of either high or ordinary temperatures, at the same time insuring economy and simplicityin operation and construction, effecting the perfect control and complete consumption of the vapors or gases produced, and preventing the liability to excessive carbonization and the consequent deterioration in the connected parts, as well as smoke, soot, and disagreeable odors.

To these ends my invention consists in certain combinations and arrangements of parts, which will now be described with reference to the drawings and pointed out in the claims at the end of the specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents the generatorin vertical section and shows in part the frame of the furnace. Fig. 2 is a top View of the generator. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 3 3, Fig. 1, showing the construction of the valve which controls the blast.

Referring now to the figures of the drawings, in which corresponding parts are indicated by the same characters in the several views, Y represents in part the frame of the furnace (not shown) to which the generator may be detachably secured in any suitable manner. The petroleum or other oil employed to feed the generator is contained, as ordinarily, in a tank (not shown) and is fed by gravity or in any other suitable manner through the pipe A to the generator. The outside body or shell of the generator is composed of two parts-a base-piece P, preferably of cast metal, and a hood or drum 0, fitting snugly therein and resting thereon. The hood 0 is provided at its upper extremity with one or more holes or apertures 0, through which may escape the products of combustion from the burner E. The vaporizingchamber is preferably formed as a pipe D, suitably supported within the generator chamber and fixed in position in the cylindrical sleeve D of the base-piece P and passing through the top of the hood or drum 0. Surrounding the 1 tube D near its base and attached to the base- The object of my invention is the producpiece P is the annular burner E, at which point the flame is produced for vaporizing the oil in the tube D. The annular burner E is provided with an integral ring or depending piece E, also connected to the base piece P, the object of this annular extension being to provide a resting-place forthe woodalcohol or other inflammable material which may be employed to initiate the operation of vaporizing in the tube D. The vapor formed in the tube D is permitted to pass through the regulated and invariable opening H into the mixing-chamber G, situated above the generator proper. This opening or outlet II is controlled by the needle-valve H, which serves the double purpose, first, of closing the opening H to shut off the vapor when the furnace is not being used, and, second, when operated of clearing and keeping the opening II free from all obstruction. Also passing through the casing of the generator-chamber and into the miXing'ch-amber G is a blastpipe F, through which is forced air under pressure in the customary manner. This blast-pipe F may be supported in any desired manner and is shown in the drawings as passing through a bracket or projecting piece F, attached to the base-piece P. Also passing from the mixing-chamber G into the genera tor-casing is the pipe or conduit I, designed to supply vapor from the mixing-chamber G to the burner E for the maintenance of the vaporizing heat in the ordinary operation of the apparatus. This pipe I may be supported in any desired manner and is shown in the drawings as supported by a bracket or projecting piece I, attached to the base-piece P, through which, as also through the ring E, the pipe I passes in order to convey the vapor to and beneath the burner E.

The mixing-chamber G is provided at one end with an outlet, such as the pipe or coupling J, through which the mixed vapor is carried by the blast from the pipe F to the several places of combustion in the furnace where it is employed. The coupling or pipe J is provided with a stop-cock or valve J. The mixing-chamber G is provided with asecond opening closed by the plug 'or stop 00, which permits the mixing-chamber to be opened to the atmosphere in the event of the discon tinuance of the blast through the pipe F, orv if it be intended to employ in the furnace aless degree of heat-as, for instance, when the smelting has been completed by means of the blast and it is desired simply to maintain the metal in molten condition.

The supply of oil through the pipe A to the tube D is governed bythe valve B, which may,

be of any desired form of construction and is operated by the handle 0. The supply of the air-blast through the pipe F is determined by the sliding valve M, (see Fig. 8,) which moves in the slide K, attached to the pipe F, and is provided with an aperture M of any ap proved form in such manner that the supply of air therethrough may be governed at will.

The sliding valve-piece M is attached by the link L to the operating-handle Got the valve B. Arranged in proximity to the handle 0 is a scale, attached to the frame of the furnace in such manner that the regulation of:

the oil-supply and the air-blast may be readily and accurately secured by a single movement of the handle 0.

- The operation of my improved apparatus may now be readily understood. The oil passes from its receptacle through the pipe A into the generating-chamber D, wherein it is converted into vapor in the first instance at the initiation of the operation by the temporary or starting flame produced upon the. ring or flange E and afterward during the. continued operation of the apparatus by the:

heat of the flame from the burner E, to which vapor is fed through the pipe I from the mixing-chamber G. The outlet or opening H is opened by the operation of the needle-valve H, and the vaporis thereby permitted to pass into the mixing-chamber G. This passage of the vapor through the outlet H is facilitated and caused by the action of the air-blast, which, passing from the pipe F into'the mixing-chamber G, not only serves by its suction to cause entranceinto the mixing-chamber of a uniform and steady supplyof the vaporized oil from the tube D, but after thoroughly.

mixing with it in the mixing-chamber carries it to the several points of combustion in the furnace and effects the forced blast therein. The pressure of the air-blast in the chamber G also causes a portion of the mixed vapor to pass through the tube I to the bottom of the generator and feeds it to the burner E, where it is utilized in a flame of the desired intensityto continue the process of vaporization in the tube D. It will be noted also that the location of the blast-pipe F and the tube I within the exterior casing of the generator, whereby they are both subjected to the continued heat from the burner E, has the effect of heating the air-blastin the pipe F to a con siderable extent before it enters the mixing chamber G and of maintaining the secondary supply of mixed vapor in the tube I in its proper condition and of preventing its condensation therein.

This arrangement of apparatus as described I have found to be most efficient in practice, and I have been able to secure in its employment such high degrees of temperature as to effect the reduction of the most refractory substance in the furnace. By the construction previously indicated I am also enabled to use this generator without forced draft and with simply the ordinary pressure of the atmosphere by simply discontinuing the blast through the pipe F and removing the plug or stop xfrom the end of the mixing-chamber. This feature I have found to be of great advantage where it is desired to produce only an ordinary degree of heat-as, for instance, to maintain the metals in molten condition after their reduction has been effected by the employment of the blast. I also lay great stress upon the ability to accurately and readily govern both the supply of oil to the vaporizer and the force "of the'blastto the mixing-chamber by a single movement of the handle 0 in connection with the scale. It will be seen thatin directly this movement of the handle also governs the supply of vapor through the pipe I to the burner E, as when the amount of mixed vapor and the force of the blast in the mixing-chamher are increased or diminished the supply of vapor through the pipe I to the burner E will be proportionately increased or diminished. It therefore follows that by a proper adjust ment of the connected parts the amount of oil supplied to the vaporizer, the force of the blast to the mixing-chamber, and the intensity of the vaporizing-flame will always ex-. actly correspond. In other words, by this means of adjustment the supply of the several elements is so proportioned as to secure perfect combustion always, the supply of the oil to be vaporized being always in exact acv well adapted not only for securing by the aid of the blast the highest temperatures required in metallurgy, but also to a vast variety of uses in connection with the ordinary atmospheric pressure.

A form of gas-furnace in connection with which my improved generating apparatus maybe advantageously employed is well ill ustrated in the United States Patent to E. P. Reichhelm, No. 405,051, June 11, 1889. In this form of furnace is provided a plurality of burners, and, as will be obvious, the force of the blast will be sufficient and necessary to carry the mixed vapor to the several places of combustion. I am well aware, as illustrated in the said patent, that it is old in the art to employ a blast in such a furnace, the force of the blast being relied on to cause the mixing of the gas with the blast and the conveyance of the mixed vapor to the several places of combustion. It is to be noted, however, that the gas employed in such a furnace is obtained from an ordinary source of supply. I believe myself to be the first to employ a blast in connection with a generating or vaporizing apparatus provided with suitable means for regulating and securing a mixed vapor in any desired proportion, which is carried by the force of the blast to the several points of combustion. It will be seen that by the employment of my improved apparatus I am enabled to dispense with the blasts of the furnace proper and that the apparatus, being independent of the furnace, may be employed in connection with any furnace and in any desired manner.

I have herein presented an approved and desirable form of the embodiment of my improved devices; butit willbe understood that many variations may be made therein, both in the character of the elements and in their mode of employment, without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described myinvention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States and claim is as follows:

1. The combination of the closed mixingchamber provided with a suitable outlet, a vaporizing-chamberconnected therewith,and a blast-pipe also connected therewith, in such manner that the force of the blast continuously causes its admixture with the vapor, and the carriage of the mixed vapor to the several places of combustion, together with suitable means for heatingthe air in the blast-pipe and producing the vapor in the vaporizingchamber.

2. The combination of the closed mixingchamber provided with a suitable outlet, a vaporizing-chamber connected therewith,and a blast-pipe also connected therewith, in such manner that the force of the blast continuously causes its admixture with the vapor, and the carriage of the mixed vapor to the several places of combustion, suitable means for controlling the force of the blast and the supply of vapor so that they may be mixed in the proper and desired proportions, together with suitable means for heating the air in the blastpipe and producing the vapor in the vaporizing-chamber.

3. The combination of the closed mixingchamber provided with a suitable outlet, a vaporizing-chamber connected therewith, a blast-pipe also connected therewith, a burner arranged to heat the air in the blast-pipe'and to produce the vapor in the vaporizing-chamber, and a connection from the mixing-cham ber to the burner, which connection is also subjected to the heat from the burner, the whole arranged so that the force of the blast continuously causes theinjection of the vapor, the admixture of the vapor with the blast, and the division of the mixed vapor into two parts, a portion of which is forced under blast to the several places of combustion, and the remaining portion to the heating and vaporizing burner. v

4. In an apparatus for producing combustible vapors, the closed mixing-chamber provided with a suitable outlet, and a heating or vaporizing chamber connected therewith, the said mixing-chamber being provided with two inlets, through one of which when desired a blast maybe admitted to the mixing-chamber, and through the other of which air under the ordinary atmospheric pressure may be admitted when the blast is discontinued.

5. In an apparatus for continuously producing combustible vapors, the combination of the closed mixing-chambers provided with a suitable outlet, a vaporizing-chamber connected therewith, a blast-pipe also connected therewith, means to supply the fluid to the vaporizing-chamber, and suitable valves for controlling respectively the supply of fluid to the vaporizing-chamber, and the intensity of the blast to the mixing-chamber, the said valves being connected in such manner that they may be controlled simultaneously, together with suitable means for heating the air in the blast-pipe and producing the vapor in the vaporizing-chamber.

6. In an apparatus for continuously producing combustible vapors, the combination of the closed mixing-chamber provided with a suitable outlet, a vaporizing-chamber connected therewith, means to supply the fluid to the vaporizing-chamber, a blast-pipe connected to the mixing-chamber, a burner to heat the air in the blast-pipe and to produce the vapor in the vaporizing-chamber, means for supplying vapor from the mixing-chamber to the burner, which means are also subjected to the heat from the burner, together with valves suitably connected so that their simultaneous operation controls the supply of fluid to the vaporizing-chamber, the intensity of the blast to the mixing-chamber, and the supply of vapor to the burner.

7. In an apparatus for producing combustible vapors, the combination with the exterior casing of the generator, and the burner contained therein, of the blast-pipe, and the pipe l'IO designed to supply vapor to the burner, both of the said pipes passing through the generator-casing and being thereby subjected to the heat from the burner together with means for supplying vapor to the generator.

8. In an apparatus for prod ucing combustible vapors, the combination with the exterior casing of the generator, and the burner contained therein, of a blast-pipe, and the vaporizing-chamber, both of which are contained within the generator-casing and are thereby subjected to the heat from the burner.

9. In an apparatus for producing conibustihie vapors, the combination of the blast-pipe and the vaporizing-chamber, with a single burner arranged to heat the air in the blastpipe and to produce the vapor in the vapo rizing-chainber.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, at the city of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 10th day of August, A. D. 1899, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. I

CHARLES FORTH.

Witnessesi JAMES P. J MoRRIs, JOHN SMITH. 

